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        <h1 id="环境"><a href="#环境" class="headerlink" title="环境"></a>环境</h1><p>安装 docker 就不多说了</p>
<p><strong>Elasticsearch 以及 ik， kibana 版本一定要一致，此次使用的版本是7.9.0</strong></p>
<h2 id="Elasticsearch"><a href="#Elasticsearch" class="headerlink" title="Elasticsearch"></a>Elasticsearch</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker pull elasticsearch:7.9.0</span><br><span class="line">docker run --network=dnetwork  -d -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms512m -Xmx512m" -e "discovery.type=single-node" --name es elasticsearch:7.9.0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>安装成功后,可以看到</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">root@ubuntu:~<span class="comment"># curl  localhost:9200</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">"name"</span> : <span class="string">"8b9d30ea5a68"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">"cluster_name"</span> : <span class="string">"docker-cluster"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">"cluster_uuid"</span> : <span class="string">"htfsXjtCTpiLnJhakFKhOw"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">"version"</span> : &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"number"</span> : <span class="string">"7.9.0"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"build_flavor"</span> : <span class="string">"default"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"build_type"</span> : <span class="string">"docker"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"build_hash"</span> : <span class="string">"a479a2a7fce0389512d6a9361301708b92dff667"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"build_date"</span> : <span class="string">"2020-08-11T21:36:48.204330Z"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"build_snapshot"</span> : <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"lucene_version"</span> : <span class="string">"8.6.0"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"minimum_wire_compatibility_version"</span> : <span class="string">"6.8.0"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"minimum_index_compatibility_version"</span> : <span class="string">"6.0.0-beta1"</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">"tagline"</span> : <span class="string">"You Know, for Search"</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="kibana"><a href="#kibana" class="headerlink" title="kibana"></a>kibana</h2><p>kibana 是一个简单的 ES 可视化管理工具。</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker pull kibana:7.9.0</span><br><span class="line">docker run --network=dnetwork --name kibana --link=elasticsearch:8b9d30ea5a68  -p 5601:5601 -d kibana:7.9.0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>安装成功后访问浏览器 localhost:5601 可以看到界面。</p>
<h2 id="ES简单使用"><a href="#ES简单使用" class="headerlink" title="ES简单使用"></a>ES简单使用</h2><h3 id="简单概念"><a href="#简单概念" class="headerlink" title="简单概念"></a>简单概念</h3><p>ElasticSearch的索引即index，可以理解为MySQL的 Table (6.x之前可以理解为database， 6.x之后可理解为table)。因为之前在 index 和文档之间有一层 type(类型)，且可以创建多个mapping，而7.0没有了，一个 index 也只能有一个 mapping。</p>
<h3 id="索引"><a href="#索引" class="headerlink" title="索引"></a>索引</h3><p>索引名必须全小写。<br><strong>创建文档时，也会自动生成索引。</strong></p>
<h4 id="新增索引"><a href="#新增索引" class="headerlink" title="新增索引"></a>新增索引</h4><p>PUT: /{index_name}</p>
<h5 id="path-parameters"><a href="#path-parameters" class="headerlink" title="path parameters:"></a>path parameters:</h5><ul>
<li>index_name:<ul>
<li>全小写</li>
<li>不能包含, /, *, ?, “, &lt;, &gt;, |, <code></code> (空白符), ,, #</li>
<li>7.0 之前可能包含’:’，但是7.0+不支持</li>
<li>不能以 -, _, + 开头</li>
<li>不能为. 或者 ..</li>
<li>不能超过255 byte，一个汉字2个byte</li>
<li>名字不能以 . 开头，因为默认 . 开头的会被隐藏，通常只用于系统插件。<h5 id="query-parameters"><a href="#query-parameters" class="headerlink" title="query parameters:"></a>query parameters:</h5></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>wait_for_active_shards（可选，字符串）：任意正整数（1 到 number_of_replicas+1）或者all，默认1.等待碎片副本数达到后，执行后续操作。</li>
<li>master_timeout（可选，时间单位(d,h,m,s,ms,micros,nanos)）：指定连接master node 的超时时间，默认30s。</li>
<li>timeout(可选，时间单位(d,h,m,s,ms,micros,nanos))： 指定响应超时时间，默认30s。</li>
</ul>
<h5 id="request-body："><a href="#request-body：" class="headerlink" title="request body："></a>request body：</h5><ul>
<li>aliases（可选）： index 别名，</li>
<li>mappings（可选）： （mapping 对象）如果指定了，可以包含三个属性：<ul>
<li>Field names</li>
<li>Field data types</li>
<li>Mapping parameters</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>settings(可选): 配置index<br>举个例子:<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">PUT &#x2F;my-index-000001</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  &quot;settings&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    &quot;number_of_shards&quot;: 3,</span><br><span class="line">    &quot;number_of_replicas&quot;: 2,</span><br><span class="line">    &quot;index.write.wait_for_active_shards&quot;: &quot;2&quot;</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  &quot;mappings&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    &quot;properties&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">      &quot;field1&quot;: &#123; &quot;type&quot;: &quot;text&quot; &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    &quot;aliases&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    &quot;alias_1&quot;: &#123;&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    &quot;alias_2&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">      &quot;filter&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;term&quot;: &#123; &quot;user.id&quot;: &quot;kimchy&quot; &#125;</span><br><span class="line">      &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">      &quot;routing&quot;: &quot;shard-1&quot;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="删除索引"><a href="#删除索引" class="headerlink" title="删除索引"></a>删除索引</h4>DELETE /{index_name}<h5 id="path-parameters-1"><a href="#path-parameters-1" class="headerlink" title="path parameters:"></a>path parameters:</h5></li>
<li>index_name<ul>
<li>可以逗号分割</li>
<li>可以使用 wildcard 匹配</li>
<li>不能使用 alias。</li>
<li>_all 或者 * 可以删除所有索引。如果要禁止此行为，需要设置 action.destructive_requires_name 为 true。<br>在 elasticsearch.yml 中修改或者使用 <a href="https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.9/cluster-update-settings.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cluster update settings API</a><h5 id="query-parameters-1"><a href="#query-parameters-1" class="headerlink" title="query parameters:"></a>query parameters:</h5></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>allow_no_indices: 当通配符表达式或者_all， 仅能匹配到关闭的索引时。抛出异常。默认true。</li>
<li>expand_wildcards：all/open/closed/hidden/none, 默认open</li>
<li>ignore_unavailable： 默认true, missing 或者 close 的索引不会在响应中。</li>
<li>master_timeout（可选，时间单位(d,h,m,s,ms,micros,nanos)）：指定连接master node 的超时时间，默认30s。</li>
<li>timeout(可选，时间单位(d,h,m,s,ms,micros,nanos))： 指定响应超时时间，默认30s。<h5 id="查询索引"><a href="#查询索引" class="headerlink" title="查询索引"></a>查询索引</h5>GET: /_cat/indices/?v 可以查看 ES 所有索引，以及他的相关信息，比如占用空间等等。<h5 id="查看单个索引详细信息"><a href="#查看单个索引详细信息" class="headerlink" title="查看单个索引详细信息"></a>查看单个索引详细信息</h5>GET: /{index_name}<h5 id="path-parameters-2"><a href="#path-parameters-2" class="headerlink" title="path parameters:"></a>path parameters:</h5></li>
<li>index_name<ul>
<li>可以逗号分割</li>
<li>可以使用 wildcard 匹配</li>
<li>_all 或者 * 可以删除所有索引。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h5 id="query-parameters-2"><a href="#query-parameters-2" class="headerlink" title="query parameters:"></a>query parameters:</h5><ul>
<li>allow_no_indices<br>当通配符表达式或者_all， 仅能匹配到关闭的索引时。抛出异常。默认true</li>
<li>expand_wildcards：all/open/closed/hidden/none, 默认open</li>
<li>flat_settings: 如果为 true, 以 flat foramt 返回所有 settings。默认为false。</li>
<li>include_defaults： 是否包括默认 settings。默认false</li>
<li>include_type_name： 7.0之后移除，为 true 。一个 mapping 类型则指定一个mapping body。默认false。</li>
<li>ignore_unavailable： 默认true, missing 或者 close 的索引不会在响应中。</li>
<li>local： 如果true， 只会接口本地节点的信息。默认false，也就是从 master 节点接收信息。</li>
<li>master_timeout（可选，时间单位(d,h,m,s,ms,micros,nanos)）：指定连接master node 的超时时间，默认30s。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Documents-文档："><a href="#Documents-文档：" class="headerlink" title="Documents 文档："></a>Documents 文档：</h3><p>documents 其实也类似 sql 中的一条数据。index则有点像表，是数据的集合。</p>
<h4 id="新增数据-index"><a href="#新增数据-index" class="headerlink" title="新增数据(index)"></a>新增数据(index)</h4><p>新增数据有如下接口：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">PUT &#x2F;&lt;target&gt;&#x2F;_doc&#x2F;&lt;_id&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">POST &#x2F;&lt;target&gt;&#x2F;_doc&#x2F;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">PUT &#x2F;&lt;target&gt;&#x2F;_create&#x2F;&lt;_id&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">POST &#x2F;&lt;target&gt;&#x2F;_create&#x2F;&lt;_id&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>新增时请使用 <code>POST /&lt;target&gt;/_create/&lt;_id&gt;</code>,不要使用<code>PUT /&lt;target&gt;/_doc/&lt;_id&gt;</code>。经过测试已存在的记录的时，前者不会新增，且会响应出错，后者会使其版本号+1。</p>
<h5 id="Path-parameters"><a href="#Path-parameters" class="headerlink" title="Path parameters"></a>Path parameters</h5><ul>
<li>target: 必填，目标数据流或者索引名字。</li>
<li>_id: 非必填，文档ID，以下接口下必填<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">PUT &#x2F;&lt;target&gt;&#x2F;_doc&#x2F;&lt;_id&gt;</span><br><span class="line">PUT &#x2F;&lt;target&gt;&#x2F;_create&#x2F;&lt;_id&gt;</span><br><span class="line">POST &#x2F;&lt;target&gt;&#x2F;_create&#x2F;&lt;_id&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
若要自动生成文档ID，使用接口<code>/&lt;target&gt;/_doc/</code>。并忽略此参数<h4 id="Request-body"><a href="#Request-body" class="headerlink" title="Request body"></a>Request body</h4>请求体，也就是文档 _source。 json格式。</li>
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